We all like responses (either verbal or non-verbal) when we make an offer. When we take a position, express an opinion, or ask for something we expect a reaction. If the other party remains silent, there is a tendency to offer more information, make a concession, or fill in the void the silence makes by [...]
We tend to like people whom we perceive to be similar to ourselves. Negotiators are more likely to make concessions with people they know and like. Some negotiators get positive results by purposely making themselves "similar" to the other party: body posture, mood, verbal style, and dress.
This term originated from analysis of negotiations conducted via email. There is a tendency for people involved in email negotiations to attribute sinister motives to people whom they have not formed any social relationships with. Participants in email negotiations are more likely to suspect the other person of lying or deceiving them, relative to negotiations [...]
Used for complex, multi-issue negotiations, it is often helpful to divide up the negotiation into its various components; come to agreement on the simpler issues; and then tackle the tougher issues. This can help pave a way to agreement. During the course of coming to agreement on the simpler issue, relationships improve, and communication-understanding improves. [...]
Schmoozing, the development of personal, social connections unrelated to the negotiation. This results in better rapport, trust, and friendship with the other person. Non-task related contact with others involved in the negotiation helps establish stronger relationships which in turn has a positive effect on the negotiation process and builds a foundation for future negotiations. Research [...]
Used to change the subject, cloud an issue, or delay a decision. A new person may be temporarily introduced into the negotiation. A new issue is brought up that must be investigated. Suddenly the scope of issues is expanded to include broader issues. Significant new information is introduced that must be analyzed.
The more opposing parties develop intersecting spheres of mutual interest and interdependence, the more bargaining power they are likely to exert. The range of possible outcomes where both parties are satisfied with the agreement. This generally is the overlap area between each party's acceptable low and high range. It also encompasses interdependency created by [...]
Taking the distance on an issue that stands between the latest positions and giving each side half. Can be a tactic to make you think you are getting an equitable result when in fact where the negotiation began was to the advantage of the other side. Offer to agree on a halfway position. Make equal [...]
Adopting a negative, demanding emotional style of negotiating. Using hostility and threats to demonstrate an unwillingness to move away from a stated position. A negotiator often is compelled to concede or give in just to stop an irritating squeaky wheel. It's just not worth it to hold their position.
A tactic that avoids reaching agreement by claiming without justification the need for more time.